LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES (2.6+ version)

      Maintained by Torben Mathiasen <device@lanana.org>

        Last revised: 25 January 2005

This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated
device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating
system.

The latest version of this list is available from
http://www.lanana.org/docs/device-list/ or
ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/.  This version may be
newer than the one distributed with the Linux kernel.

The LaTeX version of this document is no longer maintained.

This document is included by reference into the Filesystem Hierarchy
Standard (FHS).  The FHS is available from http://www.pathname.com/fhs/.

Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga
platform only. Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on
the Atari platform only.

The symbol {2.6} means the allocation is obsolete and scheduled for
removal once kernel version 2.6 (or equivalent) is released. Some of these
allocations have already been removed.

This document is in the public domain. The author requests, however,
that semantically altered versions are not distributed without
permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without
an unreasonable effort.

In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at
least not without contacting me first.

I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears
on this list.  Any such information requests will be deleted without
reply.

   **** DEVICE DRIVERS AUTHORS PLEASE READ THIS ****

To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations
where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the
appropriate device information.  Also, if you have additional
information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have
made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note.

I do, however, make a few requests about the nature of your report.
This is necessary for me to be able to keep this list up to date and
correct in a timely manner.  First of all, *please* send it to the
correct address... <device@lanana.org>.  I receive hundreds of email
messages a day, so mail sent to other addresses may very well get lost
in the avalanche.  Please put in a descriptive subject, so I can find
your mail again should I need to.  Too many people send me email
saying just "device number request" in the subject.

Second, please include a description of the device *in the same format
as this list*. The reason for this is that it is the only way I have
found to ensure I have all the requisite information to publish your
device and avoid conflicts.

Third, please don't assume that the distributed version of the list is
up to date.  Due to the number of registrations I have to maintain it
in "batch mode", so there is likely additional registrations that
haven't been listed yet.

Finally, sometimes I have to play "namespace police."  Please don't be
offended.  I often get submissions for /dev names that would be bound
to cause conflicts down the road.  I am trying to avoid getting in a
situation where we would have to suffer an incompatible forward
change.  Therefore, please consult with me *before* you make your
device names and numbers in any way public, at least to the point
where it would be at all difficult to get them changed.

Your cooperation is appreciated.

  0  Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)
    0 = reserved as null device number
  See block major 144, 145, 146 for expansion areas.

  1 char Memory devices
    1 = /dev/mem  Physical memory access
    2 = /dev/kmem  Kernel virtual memory access
    3 = /dev/null  Null device
    4 = /dev/port  I/O port access
    5 = /dev/zero  Null byte source
    6 = /dev/core  OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
    7 = /dev/full  Returns ENOSPC on write
    8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen.
    9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen.
   10 = /dev/aio  Asyncronous I/O notification interface
   11 = /dev/kmsg  Writes to this come out as printk's
  1 block RAM disk
    0 = /dev/ram0  First RAM disk
    1 = /dev/ram1  Second RAM disk
      ...
  250 = /dev/initrd Initial RAM disk {2.6}

  Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
  /dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
  by the boot loader; newer kernels use /dev/ram0 for
  the initrd.

  2 char Pseudo-TTY masters
    0 = /dev/ptyp0 First PTY master
    1 = /dev/ptyp1 Second PTY master
      ...
  255 = /dev/ptyef 256th PTY master

  Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
  * Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
  * the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
    the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
  * the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
    the position within the series.

  These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
  devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
  master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
  demand.
 
  2 block Floppy disks
    0 = /dev/fd0  Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect
    1 = /dev/fd1  Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
    2 = /dev/fd2  Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect
    3 = /dev/fd3  Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect
  128 = /dev/fd4  Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect
  129 = /dev/fd5  Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect
  130 = /dev/fd6  Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect
  131 = /dev/fd7  Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect

  To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
    0 = /dev/fd?  Autodetect format
    4 = /dev/fd?d360 5.25"  360K in a 360K  drive(1)
   20 = /dev/fd?h360 5.25"  360K in a 1200K drive(1)
   48 = /dev/fd?h410 5.25"  410K in a 1200K drive
   64 = /dev/fd?h420 5.25"  420K in a 1200K drive
   24 = /dev/fd?h720 5.25"  720K in a 1200K drive
   80 = /dev/fd?h880 5.25"  880K in a 1200K drive(1)
    8 = /dev/fd?h1200 5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
   40 = /dev/fd?h1440 5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
   56 = /dev/fd?h1476 5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
   72 = /dev/fd?h1494 5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
   92 = /dev/fd?h1600 5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)

   12 = /dev/fd?u360 3.5"   360K Double Density(2)
   16 = /dev/fd?u720 3.5"   720K Double Density(1)
  120 = /dev/fd?u800 3.5"   800K Double Density(2)
   52 = /dev/fd?u820 3.5"   820K Double Density
   68 = /dev/fd?u830 3.5"   830K Double Density
   84 = /dev/fd?u1040 3.5"  1040K Double Density(1)
   88 = /dev/fd?u1120 3.5"  1120K Double Density(1)
   28 = /dev/fd?u1440 3.5"  1440K High Density(1)
  124 = /dev/fd?u1600 3.5"  1600K High Density(1)
   44 = /dev/fd?u1680 3.5"  1680K High Density(3)
   60 = /dev/fd?u1722 3.5"  1722K High Density
   76 = /dev/fd?u1743 3.5"  1743K High Density
   96 = /dev/fd?u1760 3.5"  1760K High Density
  116 = /dev/fd?u1840 3.5"  1840K High Density(3)
  100 = /dev/fd?u1920 3.5"  1920K High Density(1)
   32 = /dev/fd?u2880 3.5"  2880K Extra Density(1)
  104 = /dev/fd?u3200 3.5"  3200K Extra Density
  108 = /dev/fd?u3520 3.5"  3520K Extra Density
  112 = /dev/fd?u3840 3.5"  3840K Extra Density(1)

   36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?

  (1) Autodetectable format
  (2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
  (3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only

  NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
  signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
  5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
  (any model, u).  The use of the capital letters D, H
  and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
  the drive type is insignificant for these devices.

  3 char Pseudo-TTY slaves
    0 = /dev/ttyp0 First PTY slave
    1 = /dev/ttyp1 Second PTY slave
      ...
  255 = /dev/ttyef 256th PTY slave

  These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
  devices are on major 136 and above.

  3 block First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
    0 = /dev/hda  Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
   64 = /dev/hdb  Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)

  For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
    0 = /dev/hd?  Whole disk
    1 = /dev/hd?1  First partition
    2 = /dev/hd?2  Second partition
      ...
   63 = /dev/hd?63 63rd partition

  For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
  partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
  Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
  appropriate to their respective architectures.

  4 char TTY devices
    0 = /dev/tty0  Current virtual console

    1 = /dev/tty1  First virtual console
      ...
   63 = /dev/tty63 63rd virtual console
   64 = /dev/ttyS0 First UART serial port
      ...
  255 = /dev/ttyS191 192nd UART serial port

  UART serial ports refer to 8250/16450/16550 series devices.

  Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major
  number for BSD PTY devices.  As of Linux 2.1.115, this
  is no longer supported.  Use major numbers 2 and 3.

  4 block Aliases for dynamically allocated major devices to be used
  when its not possible to create the real device nodes
  because the root filesystem is mounted read-only.

                  0 = /dev/root

  5 char Alternate TTY devices
    0 = /dev/tty  Current TTY device
    1 = /dev/console System console
    2 = /dev/ptmx  PTY master multiplex
   64 = /dev/cua0  Callout device for ttyS0
      ...
  255 = /dev/cua191 Callout device for ttyS191

  (5,1) is /dev/console starting with Linux 2.1.71.  See
  the section on terminal devices for more information
  on /dev/console.

  6 char Parallel printer devices
    0 = /dev/lp0  Parallel printer on parport0
    1 = /dev/lp1  Parallel printer on parport1
      ...

  Current Linux kernels no longer have a fixed mapping
  between parallel ports and I/O addresses.  Instead,
  they are redirected through the parport multiplex layer.

  7 char Virtual console capture devices
    0 = /dev/vcs  Current vc text contents
    1 = /dev/vcs1  tty1 text contents
      ...
   63 = /dev/vcs63 tty63 text contents
  128 = /dev/vcsa  Current vc text/attribute contents
  129 = /dev/vcsa1 tty1 text/attribute contents
      ...
  191 = /dev/vcsa63 tty63 text/attribute contents
 
  NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.

  7 block Loopback devices
    0 = /dev/loop0 First loopback device
    1 = /dev/loop1 Second loopback device
      ...

  The loopback devices are used to mount filesystems not
  associated with block devices. The binding to the
  loopback devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).

  8 block SCSI disk devices (0-15)
    0 = /dev/sda  First SCSI disk whole disk
   16 = /dev/sdb  Second SCSI disk whole disk
   32 = /dev/sdc  Third SCSI disk whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/sdp  Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

  9 char SCSI tape devices
    0 = /dev/st0  First SCSI tape, mode 0
    1 = /dev/st1  Second SCSI tape, mode 0
      ...
   32 = /dev/st0l  First SCSI tape, mode 1
   33 = /dev/st1l  Second SCSI tape, mode 1
      ...
   64 = /dev/st0m  First SCSI tape, mode 2
   65 = /dev/st1m  Second SCSI tape, mode 2
      ...
   96 = /dev/st0a  First SCSI tape, mode 3
   97 = /dev/st1a  Second SCSI tape, mode 3
        ...
  128 = /dev/nst0  First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
  129 = /dev/nst1  Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
      ...
  160 = /dev/nst0l First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
  161 = /dev/nst1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
      ...
  192 = /dev/nst0m First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
  193 = /dev/nst1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
      ...
  224 = /dev/nst0a First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
  225 = /dev/nst1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
      ...

  "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
  automatic rewind on device close.  The MTREW or MTOFFL
  ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
  the device used to access it.

  9 block Metadisk (RAID) devices
    0 = /dev/md0  First metadisk group
    1 = /dev/md1  Second metadisk group
      ...

  The metadisk driver is used to span a
  filesystem across multiple physical disks.

 10 char Non-serial mice, misc features
    0 = /dev/logibm Logitech bus mouse
    1 = /dev/psaux PS/2-style mouse port
    2 = /dev/inportbm Microsoft Inport bus mouse
    3 = /dev/atibm ATI XL bus mouse
    4 = /dev/jbm  J-mouse
    4 = /dev/amigamouse Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
    5 = /dev/atarimouse Atari mouse
    6 = /dev/sunmouse Sun mouse
    7 = /dev/amigamouse1 Second Amiga mouse
    8 = /dev/smouse Simple serial mouse driver
    9 = /dev/pc110pad IBM PC-110 digitizer pad
   10 = /dev/adbmouse Apple Desktop Bus mouse
   11 = /dev/vrtpanel Vr41xx embedded touch panel
   13 = /dev/vpcmouse Connectix Virtual PC Mouse
   14 = /dev/touchscreen/ucb1x00  UCB 1x00 touchscreen
   15 = /dev/touchscreen/mk712 MK712 touchscreen
  128 = /dev/beep  Fancy beep device
  129 = /dev/modreq Kernel module load request {2.6}
  130 = /dev/watchdog Watchdog timer port
  131 = /dev/temperature Machine internal temperature
  132 = /dev/hwtrap Hardware fault trap
  133 = /dev/exttrp External device trap
  134 = /dev/apm_bios Advanced Power Management BIOS
  135 = /dev/rtc  Real Time Clock
  139 = /dev/openprom SPARC OpenBoot PROM
  140 = /dev/relay8 Berkshire Products Octal relay card
  141 = /dev/relay16 Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card
  142 = /dev/msr  x86 model-specific registers {2.6}
  143 = /dev/pciconf PCI configuration space
  144 = /dev/nvram Non-volatile configuration RAM
  145 = /dev/hfmodem Soundcard shortwave modem control {2.6}
  146 = /dev/graphics Linux/SGI graphics device
  147 = /dev/opengl Linux/SGI OpenGL pipe
  148 = /dev/gfx  Linux/SGI graphics effects device
  149 = /dev/input/mouse Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse
  150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard
  151 = /dev/led  Front panel LEDs
  152 = /dev/kpoll Kernel Poll Driver
  153 = /dev/mergemem Memory merge device
  154 = /dev/pmu  Macintosh PowerBook power manager
  155 = /dev/isictl MultiTech ISICom serial control
  156 = /dev/lcd  Front panel LCD display
  157 = /dev/ac  Applicom Intl Profibus card
  158 = /dev/nwbutton Netwinder external button
  159 = /dev/nwdebug Netwinder debug interface
  160 = /dev/nwflash Netwinder flash memory
  161 = /dev/userdma User-space DMA access
  162 = /dev/smbus System Management Bus
  163 = /dev/lik  Logitech Internet Keyboard
  164 = /dev/ipmo  Intel Intelligent Platform Management
  165 = /dev/vmmon VMWare virtual machine monitor
  166 = /dev/i2o/ctl I2O configuration manager
  167 = /dev/specialix_sxctl Specialix serial control
  168 = /dev/tcldrv Technology Concepts serial control
  169 = /dev/specialix_rioctl Specialix RIO serial control
  170 = /dev/thinkpad/thinkpad IBM Thinkpad devices
  171 = /dev/srripc QNX4 API IPC manager
  172 = /dev/usemaclone Semaphore clone device
  173 = /dev/ipmikcs Intelligent Platform Management
  174 = /dev/uctrl SPARCbook 3 microcontroller
  175 = /dev/agpgart AGP Graphics Address Remapping Table
  176 = /dev/gtrsc Gorgy Timing radio clock
  177 = /dev/cbm  Serial CBM bus
  178 = /dev/jsflash JavaStation OS flash SIMM
  179 = /dev/xsvc  High-speed shared-mem/semaphore service
  180 = /dev/vrbuttons Vr41xx button input device
  181 = /dev/toshiba Toshiba laptop SMM support
  182 = /dev/perfctr Performance-monitoring counters
  183 = /dev/hwrng Generic random number generator
  184 = /dev/cpu/microcode CPU microcode update interface
  186 = /dev/atomicps Atomic shapshot of process state data
  187 = /dev/irnet IrNET device
  188 = /dev/smbusbios SMBus BIOS
  189 = /dev/ussp_ctl User space serial port control
  190 = /dev/crash Mission Critical Linux crash dump facility
  191 = /dev/pcl181 <information missing>
  192 = /dev/nas_xbus NAS xbus LCD/buttons access
  193 = /dev/d7s  SPARC 7-segment display
  194 = /dev/zkshim Zero-Knowledge network shim control
  195 = /dev/elographics/e2201 Elographics touchscreen E271-2201
  198 = /dev/sexec Signed executable interface
  199 = /dev/scanners/cuecat :CueCat barcode scanner
  200 = /dev/net/tun TAP/TUN network device
  201 = /dev/button/gulpb Transmeta GULP-B buttons
  202 = /dev/emd/ctl Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) control
  204 = /dev/video/em8300  EM8300 DVD decoder control
  205 = /dev/video/em8300_mv EM8300 DVD decoder video
  206 = /dev/video/em8300_ma EM8300 DVD decoder audio
  207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture
  208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller
  209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid Compaq Remote Insight Driver
  210 = /dev/impi/bt IMPI coprocessor block transfer 
  211 = /dev/impi/smic IMPI coprocessor stream interface
  212 = /dev/watchdogs/0 First watchdog device
  213 = /dev/watchdogs/1 Second watchdog device
  214 = /dev/watchdogs/2 Third watchdog device
  215 = /dev/watchdogs/3 Fourth watchdog device
  216 = /dev/fujitsu/apanel Fujitsu/Siemens application panel
  217 = /dev/ni/natmotn  National Instruments Motion
  218 = /dev/kchuid Inter-process chuid control
  219 = /dev/modems/mwave MWave modem firmware upload
  220 = /dev/mptctl Message passing technology (MPT) control
  221 = /dev/mvista/hssdsi Montavista PICMG hot swap system driver
  222 = /dev/mvista/hasi  Montavista PICMG high availability
  223 = /dev/input/uinput  User level driver support for input
  224 = /dev/tpm  TCPA TPM driver
  225 = /dev/pps  Pulse Per Second driver
  226 = /dev/systrace Systrace device
  227 = /dev/mcelog X86_64 Machine Check Exception driver
  228 = /dev/hpet  HPET driver
  229 = /dev/fuse  Fuse (virtual filesystem in user-space)
  230 = /dev/midishare MidiShare driver
  240-254   Reserved for local use
  255   Reserved for MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR

 11 char Raw keyboard device (Linux/SPARC only)
    0 = /dev/kbd  Raw keyboard device

 11 char Serial Mux device (Linux/PA-RISC only)
    0 = /dev/ttyB0 First mux port
    1 = /dev/ttyB1 Second mux port
      ...

 11 block SCSI CD-ROM devices
    0 = /dev/scd0  First SCSI CD-ROM
    1 = /dev/scd1  Second SCSI CD-ROM
      ...

  The prefix /dev/sr (instead of /dev/scd) has been deprecated.

 12 char QIC-02 tape
    2 = /dev/ntpqic11 QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
    3 = /dev/tpqic11 QIC-11, rewind-on-close
    4 = /dev/ntpqic24 QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
    5 = /dev/tpqic24 QIC-24, rewind-on-close
    6 = /dev/ntpqic120 QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
    7 = /dev/tpqic120 QIC-120, rewind-on-close
    8 = /dev/ntpqic150 QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
    9 = /dev/tpqic150 QIC-150, rewind-on-close

  The device names specified are proposed -- if there
  are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.

 12 block MSCDEX CD-ROM callback support {2.6}
    0 = /dev/dos_cd0 First MSCDEX CD-ROM
    1 = /dev/dos_cd1 Second MSCDEX CD-ROM
      ...

 13 char Input core
    0 = /dev/input/js0 First joystick
    1 = /dev/input/js1 Second joystick
      ...
   32 = /dev/input/mouse0 First mouse
   33 = /dev/input/mouse1 Second mouse
      ...
   63 = /dev/input/mice Unified mouse
   64 = /dev/input/event0 First event queue
   65 = /dev/input/event1 Second event queue
      ...

  Each device type has 5 bits (32 minors).

 13 block 8-bit MFM/RLL/IDE controller
    0 = /dev/xda  First XT disk whole disk
   64 = /dev/xdb  Second XT disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
  (see major number 3).

 14 char Open Sound System (OSS)
    0 = /dev/mixer Mixer control
    1 = /dev/sequencer Audio sequencer
    2 = /dev/midi00 First MIDI port
    3 = /dev/dsp  Digital audio
    4 = /dev/audio Sun-compatible digital audio
    6 = /dev/sndstat Sound card status information {2.6}
    7 = /dev/audioctl SPARC audio control device
    8 = /dev/sequencer2 Sequencer -- alternate device
   16 = /dev/mixer1 Second soundcard mixer control
   17 = /dev/patmgr0 Sequencer patch manager
   18 = /dev/midi01 Second MIDI port
   19 = /dev/dsp1  Second soundcard digital audio
   20 = /dev/audio1 Second soundcard Sun digital audio
   33 = /dev/patmgr1 Sequencer patch manager
   34 = /dev/midi02 Third MIDI port
   50 = /dev/midi03 Fourth MIDI port
 14 block BIOS harddrive callback support {2.6}
    0 = /dev/dos_hda First BIOS harddrive whole disk
   64 = /dev/dos_hdb Second BIOS harddrive whole disk
  128 = /dev/dos_hdc Third BIOS harddrive whole disk
  192 = /dev/dos_hdd Fourth BIOS harddrive whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
  (see major number 3).

 15 char Joystick
    0 = /dev/js0  First analog joystick
    1 = /dev/js1  Second analog joystick
      ...
  128 = /dev/djs0  First digital joystick
  129 = /dev/djs1  Second digital joystick
      ...
 15 block Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/sonycd Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM

 16 char Non-SCSI scanners
    0 = /dev/gs4500 Genius 4500 handheld scanner
 16 block GoldStar CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/gscd  GoldStar CD-ROM

 17 char Chase serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyH0 First Chase port
    1 = /dev/ttyH1 Second Chase port
      ...
 17 block Optics Storage CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/optcd Optics Storage CD-ROM

 18 char Chase serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cuh0  Callout device for ttyH0
    1 = /dev/cuh1  Callout device for ttyH1
      ...
 18 block Sanyo CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/sjcd  Sanyo CD-ROM

 19 char Cyclades serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyC0 First Cyclades port
      ...
   31 = /dev/ttyC31 32nd Cyclades port
 19 block "Double" compressed disk
    0 = /dev/double0 First compressed disk
      ...
    7 = /dev/double7 Eighth compressed disk
  128 = /dev/cdouble0 Mirror of first compressed disk
      ...
  135 = /dev/cdouble7 Mirror of eighth compressed disk

  See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
  mirror devices.

 20 char Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cub0  Callout device for ttyC0
      ...
   31 = /dev/cub31 Callout device for ttyC31
 20 block Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
    0 = /dev/hitcd Hitachi CD-ROM

 21 char Generic SCSI access
    0 = /dev/sg0  First generic SCSI device
    1 = /dev/sg1  Second generic SCSI device
      ...

  Most distributions name these /dev/sga, /dev/sgb...;
  this sets an unnecessary limit of 26 SCSI devices in
  the system and is counter to standard Linux
  device-naming practice.

 21 block Acorn MFM hard drive interface
    0 = /dev/mfma  First MFM drive whole disk
   64 = /dev/mfmb  Second MFM drive whole disk

  This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
  Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
  (see major number 3).

 22 char Digiboard serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyD0 First Digiboard port
    1 = /dev/ttyD1 Second Digiboard port
      ...
 22 block Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
    0 = /dev/hdc  Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
   64 = /dev/hdd  Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
  
  Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
  interface (see major number 3).

 23 char Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cud0  Callout device for ttyD0
    1 = /dev/cud1  Callout device for ttyD1
        ...
 23 block Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/mcd  Mitsumi CD-ROM

 24 char Stallion serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyE0 Stallion port 0 card 0
    1 = /dev/ttyE1 Stallion port 1 card 0
      ...
   64 = /dev/ttyE64 Stallion port 0 card 1
   65 = /dev/ttyE65 Stallion port 1 card 1
        ...
  128 = /dev/ttyE128 Stallion port 0 card 2
  129 = /dev/ttyE129 Stallion port 1 card 2
      ...
  192 = /dev/ttyE192 Stallion port 0 card 3
  193 = /dev/ttyE193 Stallion port 1 card 3
      ...
 24 block Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/cdu535 Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM

 25 char Stallion serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cue0  Callout device for ttyE0
    1 = /dev/cue1  Callout device for ttyE1
      ...
   64 = /dev/cue64 Callout device for ttyE64
   65 = /dev/cue65 Callout device for ttyE65
      ...
  128 = /dev/cue128 Callout device for ttyE128
  129 = /dev/cue129 Callout device for ttyE129
      ...
  192 = /dev/cue192 Callout device for ttyE192
  193 = /dev/cue193 Callout device for ttyE193
        ...
 25 block First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/sbpcd0 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0
    1 = /dev/sbpcd1 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
    2 = /dev/sbpcd2 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
    3 = /dev/sbpcd3 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3

 26 char Quanta WinVision frame grabber {2.6}
    0 = /dev/wvisfgrab Quanta WinVision frame grabber
 26 block Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/sbpcd4 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
    1 = /dev/sbpcd5 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
    2 = /dev/sbpcd6 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
    3 = /dev/sbpcd7 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3

 27 char QIC-117 tape
    0 = /dev/qft0  Unit 0, rewind-on-close
    1 = /dev/qft1  Unit 1, rewind-on-close
    2 = /dev/qft2  Unit 2, rewind-on-close
    3 = /dev/qft3  Unit 3, rewind-on-close
    4 = /dev/nqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
    5 = /dev/nqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
    6 = /dev/nqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
    7 = /dev/nqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
   16 = /dev/zqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, compression
   17 = /dev/zqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, compression
   18 = /dev/zqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, compression
   19 = /dev/zqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, compression
   20 = /dev/nzqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, compression
   21 = /dev/nzqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, compression
   22 = /dev/nzqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, compression
   23 = /dev/nzqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, compression
   32 = /dev/rawqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, no file marks
   33 = /dev/rawqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, no file marks
   34 = /dev/rawqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, no file marks
   35 = /dev/rawqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, no file marks
   36 = /dev/nrawqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
   37 = /dev/nrawqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
   38 = /dev/nrawqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
   39 = /dev/nrawqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
 27 block Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/sbpcd8 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
    1 = /dev/sbpcd9 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
    2 = /dev/sbpcd10 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
    3 = /dev/sbpcd11 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3

 28 char Stallion serial card - card programming
    0 = /dev/staliomem0 First Stallion card I/O memory
    1 = /dev/staliomem1 Second Stallion card I/O memory
    2 = /dev/staliomem2 Third Stallion card I/O memory
    3 = /dev/staliomem3 Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
 28 char Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
    0 = /dev/slm0  First SLM laser printer
    1 = /dev/slm1  Second SLM laser printer
      ...
 28 block Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/sbpcd12 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0
    1 = /dev/sbpcd13 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
    2 = /dev/sbpcd14 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
    3 = /dev/sbpcd15 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
 28 block ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
    0 = /dev/ada  First ACSI disk whole disk
   16 = /dev/adb  Second ACSI disk whole disk
   32 = /dev/adc  Third ACSI disk whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/adp  16th ACSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15, like SCSI.

 29 char Universal frame buffer
    0 = /dev/fb0  First frame buffer
    1 = /dev/fb1  Second frame buffer
      ...
   31 = /dev/fb31  32nd frame buffer

 29 block Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/aztcd Aztech CD-ROM

 30 char iBCS-2 compatibility devices
    0 = /dev/socksys Socket access
    1 = /dev/spx  SVR3 local X interface
   32 = /dev/inet/ip Network access
   33 = /dev/inet/icmp
   34 = /dev/inet/ggp
   35 = /dev/inet/ipip
   36 = /dev/inet/tcp
   37 = /dev/inet/egp
   38 = /dev/inet/pup
   39 = /dev/inet/udp
   40 = /dev/inet/idp
   41 = /dev/inet/rawip

  Additionally, iBCS-2 requires the following links:

  /dev/ip -> /dev/inet/ip
  /dev/icmp -> /dev/inet/icmp
  /dev/ggp -> /dev/inet/ggp
  /dev/ipip -> /dev/inet/ipip
  /dev/tcp -> /dev/inet/tcp
  /dev/egp -> /dev/inet/egp
  /dev/pup -> /dev/inet/pup
  /dev/udp -> /dev/inet/udp
  /dev/idp -> /dev/inet/idp
  /dev/rawip -> /dev/inet/rawip
  /dev/inet/arp -> /dev/inet/udp
  /dev/inet/rip -> /dev/inet/udp
  /dev/nfsd -> /dev/socksys
  /dev/X0R -> /dev/null (? apparently not required ?)

 30 block Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/cm205cd Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM

  /dev/lmscd is an older name for this device.  This
  driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.

 31 char MPU-401 MIDI
    0 = /dev/mpu401data MPU-401 data port
    1 = /dev/mpu401stat MPU-401 status port
 31 block ROM/flash memory card
    0 = /dev/rom0  First ROM card (rw)
        ...
    7 = /dev/rom7  Eighth ROM card (rw)
    8 = /dev/rrom0 First ROM card (ro)
      ...
   15 = /dev/rrom7 Eighth ROM card (ro)
   16 = /dev/flash0 First flash memory card (rw)
      ...
   23 = /dev/flash7 Eighth flash memory card (rw)
   24 = /dev/rflash0 First flash memory card (ro)
      ...
   31 = /dev/rflash7 Eighth flash memory card (ro)

  The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
  written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
  devices.  The read-only devices (ro) support reading
  only.

 32 char Specialix serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyX0 First Specialix port
    1 = /dev/ttyX1 Second Specialix port
      ...
 32 block Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/cm206cd Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM

 33 char Specialix serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cux0  Callout device for ttyX0
    1 = /dev/cux1  Callout device for ttyX1
      ...
 33 block Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
    0 = /dev/hde  Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
   64 = /dev/hdf  Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)

  Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
  interface (see major number 3).

 34 char Z8530 HDLC driver
    0 = /dev/scc0  First Z8530, first port
    1 = /dev/scc1  First Z8530, second port
    2 = /dev/scc2  Second Z8530, first port
    3 = /dev/scc3  Second Z8530, second port
      ...

  In a previous version these devices were named
  /dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
  on.

 34 block Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
    0 = /dev/hdg  Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
   64 = /dev/hdh  Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
  
  Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
  interface (see major number 3).

 35 char tclmidi MIDI driver
    0 = /dev/midi0 First MIDI port, kernel timed
    1 = /dev/midi1 Second MIDI port, kernel timed
    2 = /dev/midi2 Third MIDI port, kernel timed
    3 = /dev/midi3 Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
   64 = /dev/rmidi0 First MIDI port, untimed
   65 = /dev/rmidi1 Second MIDI port, untimed
   66 = /dev/rmidi2 Third MIDI port, untimed
   67 = /dev/rmidi3 Fourth MIDI port, untimed
  128 = /dev/smpte0 First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
  129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
  130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
  131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
 35 block Slow memory ramdisk
    0 = /dev/slram Slow memory ramdisk

 36 char Netlink support
    0 = /dev/route Routing, device updates, kernel to user
    1 = /dev/skip  enSKIP security cache control
    3 = /dev/fwmonitor Firewall packet copies
   16 = /dev/tap0  First Ethertap device
      ...
   31 = /dev/tap15 16th Ethertap device
 36 block MCA ESDI hard disk
    0 = /dev/eda  First ESDI disk whole disk
   64 = /dev/edb  Second ESDI disk whole disk
      ...

  Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
  (see major number 3).

 37 char IDE tape
    0 = /dev/ht0  First IDE tape
    1 = /dev/ht1  Second IDE tape
      ...
  128 = /dev/nht0  First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
  129 = /dev/nht1  Second IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
      ...

  Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.

 37 block Zorro II ramdisk
    0 = /dev/z2ram Zorro II ramdisk

 38 char Myricom PCI Myrinet board
    0 = /dev/mlanai0 First Myrinet board
    1 = /dev/mlanai1 Second Myrinet board
      ...

  This device is used for status query, board control
  and "user level packet I/O."  This board is also
  accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.

 38 block Reserved for Linux/AP+

 39 char ML-16P experimental I/O board
    0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0 First card, first analog channel
    1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1 First card, second analog channel
      ...
   15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15 First card, 16th analog channel
   16 = /dev/ml16pa-d First card, digital lines
   17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0 First card, first counter/timer
   18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1 First card, second counter/timer
   19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2 First card, third counter/timer
   32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0 Second card, first analog channel
   33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1 Second card, second analog channel
      ...
   47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15 Second card, 16th analog channel
   48 = /dev/ml16pb-d Second card, digital lines
   49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0 Second card, first counter/timer
   50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1 Second card, second counter/timer
   51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2 Second card, third counter/timer
        ...
 39 block Reserved for Linux/AP+

 40 char Matrox Meteor frame grabber {2.6}
    0 = /dev/mmetfgrab Matrox Meteor frame grabber
 40 block Syquest EZ135 parallel port removable drive
    0 = /dev/eza  Parallel EZ135 drive, whole disk

  This device is obsolete and will be removed in a
  future version of Linux.  It has been replaced with
  the parallel port IDE disk driver at major number 45.
  Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
  (see major number 3).

 41 char Yet Another Micro Monitor
    0 = /dev/yamm  Yet Another Micro Monitor
 41 block MicroSolutions BackPack parallel port CD-ROM
    0 = /dev/bpcd  BackPack CD-ROM

  This device is obsolete and will be removed in a
  future version of Linux.  It has been replaced with
  the parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM driver at major number 46.

 42 char Demo/sample use
 42 block Demo/sample use

  This number is intended for use in sample code, as
  well as a general "example" device number.  It
  should never be used for a device driver that is being
  distributed; either obtain an official number or use
  the local/experimental range.  The sudden addition or
  removal of a driver with this number should not cause
  ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)

  IN PARTICULAR, ANY DISTRIBUTION WHICH CONTAINS A
  DEVICE DRIVER USING MAJOR NUMBER 42 IS NONCOMPLIANT.

 43 char isdn4linux virtual modem
    0 = /dev/ttyI0 First virtual modem
      ...
   63 = /dev/ttyI63 64th virtual modem
 43 block Network block devices
    0 = /dev/nb0  First network block device
    1 = /dev/nb1  Second network block device
      ...

  Network Block Device is somehow similar to loopback
  devices: If you read from it, it sends packet across
  network asking server for data. If you write to it, it
  sends packet telling server to write. It could be used
  to mounting filesystems over the net, swapping over
  the net, implementing block device in userland etc.

 44 char isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cui0  Callout device for ttyI0
      ...
   63 = /dev/cui63 Callout device for ttyI63
 44 block Flash Translation Layer (FTL) filesystems
    0 = /dev/ftla  FTL on first Memory Technology Device
   16 = /dev/ftlb  FTL on second Memory Technology Device
   32 = /dev/ftlc  FTL on third Memory Technology Device
      ...
  240 = /dev/ftlp  FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) expect that the partition
  limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)

 45 char isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
    0 = /dev/isdn0 First virtual B channel raw data
      ...
   63 = /dev/isdn63 64th virtual B channel raw data
   64 = /dev/isdnctrl0 First channel control/debug
      ...
  127 = /dev/isdnctrl63 64th channel control/debug

  128 = /dev/ippp0 First SyncPPP device
      ...
  191 = /dev/ippp63 64th SyncPPP device

  255 = /dev/isdninfo ISDN monitor interface
 45 block Parallel port IDE disk devices
    0 = /dev/pda  First parallel port IDE disk
   16 = /dev/pdb  Second parallel port IDE disk
   32 = /dev/pdc  Third parallel port IDE disk
   48 = /dev/pdd  Fourth parallel port IDE disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
  limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk.

 46 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyR0 First Rocketport port
    1 = /dev/ttyR1 Second Rocketport port
      ...
 46 block Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM devices
    0 = /dev/pcd0  First parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
    1 = /dev/pcd1  Second parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
    2 = /dev/pcd2  Third parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
    3 = /dev/pcd3  Fourth parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM

 47 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cur0  Callout device for ttyR0
    1 = /dev/cur1  Callout device for ttyR1
      ...
 47 block Parallel port ATAPI disk devices
    0 = /dev/pf0  First parallel port ATAPI disk
    1 = /dev/pf1  Second parallel port ATAPI disk
    2 = /dev/pf2  Third parallel port ATAPI disk
    3 = /dev/pf3  Fourth parallel port ATAPI disk

  This driver is intended for floppy disks and similar
  devices and hence does not support partitioning.

 48 char SDL RISCom serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyL0 First RISCom port
    1 = /dev/ttyL1 Second RISCom port
      ...
 48 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; first controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c0d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c0d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c0d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  For partitions add:
    0 = /dev/rd/c?d? Whole disk
    1 = /dev/rd/c?d?p1 First partition
      ...
    7 = /dev/rd/c?d?p7 Seventh partition

 49 char SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cul0  Callout device for ttyL0
    1 = /dev/cul1  Callout device for ttyL1
      ...
 49 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; second controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c1d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c1d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c1d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

 50 char Reserved for GLINT

 50 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; third controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c2d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c2d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c2d31 32nd disk, whole disk

 51 char Baycom radio modem OR Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem
    0 = /dev/bc0  First Baycom radio modem
    1 = /dev/bc1  Second Baycom radio modem
      ...
 51 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourth controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c3d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c3d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c3d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

 52 char Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
    0 = /dev/dcbri0 First DataComm card
    1 = /dev/dcbri1 Second DataComm card
    2 = /dev/dcbri2 Third DataComm card
    3 = /dev/dcbri3 Fourth DataComm card
 52 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c4d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c4d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c4d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

 53 char BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
    0 = /dev/pd_bdm0 PD BDM interface on lp0
    1 = /dev/pd_bdm1 PD BDM interface on lp1
    2 = /dev/pd_bdm2 PD BDM interface on lp2
    4 = /dev/icd_bdm0 ICD BDM interface on lp0
    5 = /dev/icd_bdm1 ICD BDM interface on lp1
    6 = /dev/icd_bdm2 ICD BDM interface on lp2

  This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
  microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
  Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
  Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
  by P&E.

 53 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixth controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c5d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c5d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c5d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

 54 char Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
    0 = /dev/holter0 First Holter port
    1 = /dev/holter1 Second Holter port
    2 = /dev/holter2 Third Holter port

  A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
  <mseritan@ottonel.pub.ro> to transfer data from Holter
  24-hour heart monitoring equipment.

 54 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; seventh controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c6d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c6d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c6d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

 55 char DSP56001 digital signal processor
    0 = /dev/dsp56k First DSP56001
 55 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eigth controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c7d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c7d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c7d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

 56 char Apple Desktop Bus
    0 = /dev/adb  ADB bus control

  Additional devices will be added to this number, all
  starting with /dev/adb.

 56 block Fifth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
    0 = /dev/hdi  Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
   64 = /dev/hdj  Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)

  Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
  interface (see major number 3).

 57 char Hayes ESP serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyP0 First ESP port
    1 = /dev/ttyP1 Second ESP port
      ...

 57 block Sixth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
    0 = /dev/hdk  Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
   64 = /dev/hdl  Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)

  Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
  interface (see major number 3).

 58 char Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cup0  Callout device for ttyP0
    1 = /dev/cup1  Callout device for ttyP1
      ...
 58 block Reserved for logical volume manager

 59 char sf firewall package
    0 = /dev/firewall Communication with sf kernel module

 59 block Generic PDA filesystem device
    0 = /dev/pda0  First PDA device
    1 = /dev/pda1  Second PDA device
      ...

  The pda devices are used to mount filesystems on
  remote pda's (basically slow handheld machines with
  proprietary OS's and limited memory and storage
  running small fs translation drivers) through serial /
  IRDA / parallel links.

  NAMING CONFLICT -- PROPOSED REVISED NAME /dev/rpda0 etc

 60-63 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
 60-63 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
  Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
  assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
  used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.

 64 char ENskip kernel encryption package
    0 = /dev/enskip Communication with ENskip kernel module

 64 block Scramdisk/DriveCrypt encrypted devices
    0 = /dev/scramdisk/master    Master node for ioctls
    1 = /dev/scramdisk/1         First encrypted device
    2 = /dev/scramdisk/2         Second encrypted device
    ...
  255 = /dev/scramdisk/255       255th encrypted device

  The filename of the encrypted container and the passwords
  are sent via ioctls (using the sdmount tool) to the master
  node which then activates them via one of the
  /dev/scramdisk/x nodes for loopback mounting (all handled
  through the sdmount tool).

  Requested by: andy@scramdisklinux.org

 65 char Sundance "plink" Transputer boards (obsolete, unused)
    0 = /dev/plink0 First plink device
    1 = /dev/plink1 Second plink device
    2 = /dev/plink2 Third plink device
    3 = /dev/plink3 Fourth plink device
   64 = /dev/rplink0 First plink device, raw
   65 = /dev/rplink1 Second plink device, raw
   66 = /dev/rplink2 Third plink device, raw
   67 = /dev/rplink3 Fourth plink device, raw
  128 = /dev/plink0d First plink device, debug
  129 = /dev/plink1d Second plink device, debug
  130 = /dev/plink2d Third plink device, debug
  131 = /dev/plink3d Fourth plink device, debug
  192 = /dev/rplink0d First plink device, raw, debug
  193 = /dev/rplink1d Second plink device, raw, debug
  194 = /dev/rplink2d Third plink device, raw, debug
  195 = /dev/rplink3d Fourth plink device, raw, debug

  This is a commercial driver; contact James Howes
  <jth@prosig.demon.co.uk> for information.

 65 block SCSI disk devices (16-31)
    0 = /dev/sdq  17th SCSI disk whole disk
   16 = /dev/sdr  18th SCSI disk whole disk
   32 = /dev/sds  19th SCSI disk whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/sdaf  32nd SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 66 char YARC PowerPC PCI coprocessor card
    0 = /dev/yppcpci0 First YARC card
    1 = /dev/yppcpci1 Second YARC card
      ...

 66 block SCSI disk devices (32-47)
    0 = /dev/sdag  33th SCSI disk whole disk
   16 = /dev/sdah  34th SCSI disk whole disk
   32 = /dev/sdai  35th SCSI disk whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/sdav  48nd SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 67 char Coda network file system
    0 = /dev/cfs0  Coda cache manager

  See http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu for information about Coda.

 67 block SCSI disk devices (48-63)
    0 = /dev/sdaw  49th SCSI disk whole disk
   16 = /dev/sdax  50th SCSI disk whole disk
   32 = /dev/sday  51st SCSI disk whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/sdbl  64th SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 68 char CAPI 2.0 interface
    0 = /dev/capi20 Control device
    1 = /dev/capi20.00 First CAPI 2.0 application
    2 = /dev/capi20.01 Second CAPI 2.0 application
      ...
   20 = /dev/capi20.19 19th CAPI 2.0 application

  ISDN CAPI 2.0 driver for use with CAPI 2.0
  applications; currently supports the AVM B1 card.

 68 block SCSI disk devices (64-79)
    0 = /dev/sdbm  65th SCSI disk whole disk
   16 = /dev/sdbn  66th SCSI disk whole disk
   32 = /dev/sdbo  67th SCSI disk whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/sdcb  80th SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 69 char MA16 numeric accelerator card
    0 = /dev/ma16  Board memory access

 69 block SCSI disk devices (80-95)
    0 = /dev/sdcc  81st SCSI disk whole disk
   16 = /dev/sdcd  82nd SCSI disk whole disk
   32 = /dev/sdce  83th SCSI disk whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/sdcr  96th SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 70 char SpellCaster Protocol Services Interface
    0 = /dev/apscfg Configuration interface
    1 = /dev/apsauth Authentication interface
    2 = /dev/apslog Logging interface
    3 = /dev/apsdbg Debugging interface
   64 = /dev/apsisdn ISDN command interface
   65 = /dev/apsasync Async command interface
  128 = /dev/apsmon Monitor interface

 70 block SCSI disk devices (96-111)
    0 = /dev/sdcs  97th SCSI disk whole disk
   16 = /dev/sdct  98th SCSI disk whole disk
   32 = /dev/sdcu  99th SCSI disk whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/sddh  112nd SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 71 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyF0 IntelliPort II board 0, port 0
    1 = /dev/ttyF1 IntelliPort II board 0, port 1
      ...
   63 = /dev/ttyF63 IntelliPort II board 0, port 63
   64 = /dev/ttyF64 IntelliPort II board 1, port 0
   65 = /dev/ttyF65 IntelliPort II board 1, port 1
      ...
  127 = /dev/ttyF127 IntelliPort II board 1, port 63
  128 = /dev/ttyF128 IntelliPort II board 2, port 0
  129 = /dev/ttyF129 IntelliPort II board 2, port 1
      ...
  191 = /dev/ttyF191 IntelliPort II board 2, port 63
  192 = /dev/ttyF192 IntelliPort II board 3, port 0
  193 = /dev/ttyF193 IntelliPort II board 3, port 1
      ...
  255 = /dev/ttyF255 IntelliPort II board 3, port 63

 71 block SCSI disk devices (112-127)
    0 = /dev/sddi  113th SCSI disk whole disk
   16 = /dev/sddj  114th SCSI disk whole disk
   32 = /dev/sddk  115th SCSI disk whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/sddx  128th SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 72 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cuf0  Callout device for ttyF0
    1 = /dev/cuf1  Callout device for ttyF1
      ...
   63 = /dev/cuf63 Callout device for ttyF63
   64 = /dev/cuf64 Callout device for ttyF64
   65 = /dev/cuf65 Callout device for ttyF65
      ...
  127 = /dev/cuf127 Callout device for ttyF127
  128 = /dev/cuf128 Callout device for ttyF128
  129 = /dev/cuf129 Callout device for ttyF129
      ...
  191 = /dev/cuf191 Callout device for ttyF191
  192 = /dev/cuf192 Callout device for ttyF192
  193 = /dev/cuf193 Callout device for ttyF193
      ...
  255 = /dev/cuf255 Callout device for ttyF255

 72 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, first controller
    0 = /dev/ida/c0d0 First logical drive whole disk
   16 = /dev/ida/c0d1 Second logical drive whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/ida/c0d15 16th logical drive whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 73 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - control devices
    0 = /dev/ip2ipl0 Loadware device for board 0
    1 = /dev/ip2stat0 Status device for board 0
    4 = /dev/ip2ipl1 Loadware device for board 1
    5 = /dev/ip2stat1 Status device for board 1
    8 = /dev/ip2ipl2 Loadware device for board 2
    9 = /dev/ip2stat2 Status device for board 2
   12 = /dev/ip2ipl3 Loadware device for board 3
   13 = /dev/ip2stat3 Status device for board 3

 73 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, second controller
    0 = /dev/ida/c1d0 First logical drive whole disk
   16 = /dev/ida/c1d1 Second logical drive whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/ida/c1d15 16th logical drive whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 74 char SCI bridge
    0 = /dev/SCI/0 SCI device 0
    1 = /dev/SCI/1 SCI device 1
      ...

  Currently for Dolphin Interconnect Solutions' PCI-SCI
  bridge.

 74 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, third controller
    0 = /dev/ida/c2d0 First logical drive whole disk
   16 = /dev/ida/c2d1 Second logical drive whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/ida/c2d15 16th logical drive whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 75 char Specialix IO8+ serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyW0 First IO8+ port, first card
    1 = /dev/ttyW1 Second IO8+ port, first card
      ...
    8 = /dev/ttyW8 First IO8+ port, second card
      ...

 75 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fourth controller
    0 = /dev/ida/c3d0 First logical drive whole disk
   16 = /dev/ida/c3d1 Second logical drive whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/ida/c3d15 16th logical drive whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 76 char Specialix IO8+ serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cuw0  Callout device for ttyW0
    1 = /dev/cuw1  Callout device for ttyW1
      ...
    8 = /dev/cuw8  Callout device for ttyW8
      ...

 76 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fifth controller
    0 = /dev/ida/c4d0 First logical drive whole disk
   16 = /dev/ida/c4d1 Second logical drive whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/ida/c4d15 16th logical drive whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 77 char ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
    0 = /dev/qng  ComScire Quantum Noise Generator

 77 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, sixth controller
    0 = /dev/ida/c5d0 First logical drive whole disk
   16 = /dev/ida/c5d1 Second logical drive whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/ida/c5d15 16th logical drive whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 78 char PAM Software's multimodem boards
    0 = /dev/ttyM0 First PAM modem
    1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second PAM modem
      ...

 78 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, seventh controller
    0 = /dev/ida/c6d0 First logical drive whole disk
   16 = /dev/ida/c6d1 Second logical drive whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/ida/c6d15 16th logical drive whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 79 char PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cum0  Callout device for ttyM0
    1 = /dev/cum1  Callout device for ttyM1
      ...

 79 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eigth controller
    0 = /dev/ida/c7d0 First logical drive whole disk
   16 = /dev/ida/c7d1 Second logical drive whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/ida/c715 16th logical drive whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 80 char Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
    0 = /dev/at200 Photometrics AT200 CCD camera

 80 block I2O hard disk
    0 = /dev/i2o/hda First I2O hard disk, whole disk
   16 = /dev/i2o/hdb Second I2O hard disk, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/i2o/hdp 16th I2O hard disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 81 char video4linux
    0 = /dev/video0 Video capture/overlay device
      ...
   63 = /dev/video63 Video capture/overlay device
   64 = /dev/radio0 Radio device
      ...
  127 = /dev/radio63 Radio device
  192 = /dev/vtx0  Teletext device
      ...
  223 = /dev/vtx31 Teletext device
  224 = /dev/vbi0  Vertical blank interrupt
      ...
  255 = /dev/vbi31 Vertical blank interrupt

 81 block I2O hard disk
    0 = /dev/i2o/hdq 17th I2O hard disk, whole disk
   16 = /dev/i2o/hdr 18th I2O hard disk, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/i2o/hdaf 32nd I2O hard disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 82 char WiNRADiO communications receiver card
    0 = /dev/winradio0 First WiNRADiO card
    1 = /dev/winradio1 Second WiNRADiO card
      ...

  The driver and documentation may be obtained from
  http://www.proximity.com.au/~brian/winradio/

 82 block I2O hard disk
    0 = /dev/i2o/hdag 33rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
   16 = /dev/i2o/hdah 34th I2O hard disk, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/i2o/hdav 48th I2O hard disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 83 char Matrox mga_vid video driver
    0 = /dev/mga_vid0 1st video card
   1 = /dev/mga_vid1 2nd video card
   2 = /dev/mga_vid2 3rd video card
    ...
         15 = /dev/mga_vid15 16th video card

 83 block I2O hard disk
    0 = /dev/i2o/hdaw 49th I2O hard disk, whole disk
   16 = /dev/i2o/hdax 50th I2O hard disk, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/i2o/hdbl 64th I2O hard disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 84 char Ikon 1011[57] Versatec Greensheet Interface
    0 = /dev/ihcp0 First Greensheet port
    1 = /dev/ihcp1 Second Greensheet port

 84 block I2O hard disk
    0 = /dev/i2o/hdbm 65th I2O hard disk, whole disk
   16 = /dev/i2o/hdbn 66th I2O hard disk, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/i2o/hdcb 80th I2O hard disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 85 char Linux/SGI shared memory input queue
    0 = /dev/shmiq Master shared input queue
    1 = /dev/qcntl0 First device pushed
    2 = /dev/qcntl1 Second device pushed
      ...

 85 block I2O hard disk
    0 = /dev/i2o/hdcc 81st I2O hard disk, whole disk
   16 = /dev/i2o/hdcd 82nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/i2o/hdcr 96th I2O hard disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 86 char SCSI media changer
    0 = /dev/sch0  First SCSI media changer
    1 = /dev/sch1  Second SCSI media changer
      ...

 86 block I2O hard disk
    0 = /dev/i2o/hdcs 97th I2O hard disk, whole disk
   16 = /dev/i2o/hdct 98th I2O hard disk, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/i2o/hddh 112th I2O hard disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 87 char Sony Control-A1 stereo control bus
    0 = /dev/controla0 First device on chain
    1 = /dev/controla1 Second device on chain
      ...

 87 block I2O hard disk
    0 = /dev/i2o/hddi 113rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
   16 = /dev/i2o/hddj 114th I2O hard disk, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/i2o/hddx 128th I2O hard disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 88 char COMX synchronous serial card
    0 = /dev/comx0 COMX channel 0
    1 = /dev/comx1 COMX channel 1
      ...

 88 block Seventh IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
    0 = /dev/hdm  Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
   64 = /dev/hdn  Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)

  Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
  interface (see major number 3).

 89 char I2C bus interface
    0 = /dev/i2c-0 First I2C adapter
    1 = /dev/i2c-1 Second I2C adapter
      ...

 89 block Eighth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
    0 = /dev/hdo  Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
   64 = /dev/hdp  Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)

  Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
  interface (see major number 3).

 90 char Memory Technology Device (RAM, ROM, Flash)
    0 = /dev/mtd0  First MTD (rw)
    1 = /dev/mtdr0 First MTD (ro)
      ...
   30 = /dev/mtd15 16th MTD (rw)
   31 = /dev/mtdr15 16th MTD (ro)

 90 block Ninth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
    0 = /dev/hdq  Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
   64 = /dev/hdr  Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)

  Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
  interface (see major number 3).

 91 char CAN-Bus devices
    0 = /dev/can0  First CAN-Bus controller
    1 = /dev/can1  Second CAN-Bus controller
      ...

 91 block Tenth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
    0 = /dev/hds  Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
   64 = /dev/hdt  Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)

  Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
  interface (see major number 3).

 92 char Reserved for ith Kommunikationstechnik MIC ISDN card

 92 block PPDD encrypted disk driver
    0 = /dev/ppdd0 First encrypted disk
    1 = /dev/ppdd1 Second encrypted disk
      ...

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

 93 char IBM Smart Capture Card frame grabber {2.6}
    0 = /dev/iscc0 First Smart Capture Card
    1 = /dev/iscc1 Second Smart Capture Card
      ...
  128 = /dev/isccctl0 First Smart Capture Card control
  129 = /dev/isccctl1 Second Smart Capture Card control
      ...

 93 block NAND Flash Translation Layer filesystem
    0 = /dev/nftla First NFTL layer
   16 = /dev/nftlb Second NFTL layer
      ...
  240 = /dev/nftlp 16th NTFL layer

 94 char miroVIDEO DC10/30 capture/playback device {2.6}
    0 = /dev/dcxx0 First capture card
    1 = /dev/dcxx1 Second capture card
      ...

 94 block IBM S/390 DASD block storage
        0 = /dev/dasda First DASD device, major
        1 = /dev/dasda1 First DASD device, block 1
        2 = /dev/dasda2 First DASD device, block 2
        3 = /dev/dasda3 First DASD device, block 3
        4 = /dev/dasdb Second DASD device, major
        5 = /dev/dasdb1 Second DASD device, block 1
        6 = /dev/dasdb2 Second DASD device, block 2
        7 = /dev/dasdb3 Second DASD device, block 3
      ...

 95 char IP filter
    0 = /dev/ipl  Filter control device/log file
    1 = /dev/ipnat NAT control device/log file
    2 = /dev/ipstate State information log file
    3 = /dev/ipauth Authentication control device/log file
      ...  

 96 char Parallel port ATAPI tape devices
    0 = /dev/pt0  First parallel port ATAPI tape
    1 = /dev/pt1  Second parallel port ATAPI tape
      ...
  128 = /dev/npt0  First p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
  129 = /dev/npt1  Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
      ...

 96 block Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer
    0 = /dev/inftla First INFTL layer
   16 = /dev/inftlb Second INFTL layer
      ...
  240 = /dev/inftlp 16th INTFL layer

 97 char Parallel port generic ATAPI interface
    0 = /dev/pg0  First parallel port ATAPI device
    1 = /dev/pg1  Second parallel port ATAPI device
    2 = /dev/pg2  Third parallel port ATAPI device
    3 = /dev/pg3  Fourth parallel port ATAPI device

  These devices support the same API as the generic SCSI
  devices.

 97 block Packet writing for CD/DVD devices
    0 = /dev/pktcdvd0 First packet-writing module
    1 = /dev/pktcdvd1 Second packet-writing module
      ...

 98 char Control and Measurement Device (comedi)
    0 = /dev/comedi0 First comedi device
    1 = /dev/comedi1 Second comedi device
      ...

  See http://stm.lbl.gov/comedi or http://www.llp.fu-berlin.de/.

 98 block User-mode virtual block device
    0 = /dev/ubda  First user-mode block device
   16 = /dev/udbb  Second user-mode block device
      ...

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

  This device is used by the user-mode virtual kernel port.

 99 char Raw parallel ports
    0 = /dev/parport0 First parallel port
    1 = /dev/parport1 Second parallel port
      ...

 99 block JavaStation flash disk
    0 = /dev/jsfd  JavaStation flash disk

100 char Telephony for Linux
    0 = /dev/phone0 First telephony device
    1 = /dev/phone1 Second telephony device
      ...

101 char Motorola DSP 56xxx board
    0 = /dev/mdspstat Status information
    1 = /dev/mdsp1 First DSP board I/O controls
      ...
   16 = /dev/mdsp16 16th DSP board I/O controls

101 block AMI HyperDisk RAID controller
    0 = /dev/amiraid/ar0 First array whole disk
   16 = /dev/amiraid/ar1 Second array whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/amiraid/ar15 16th array whole disk

  For each device, partitions are added as:
    0 = /dev/amiraid/ar?   Whole disk
    1 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p1  First partition
    2 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p2  Second partition
      ...
   15 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p15 15th partition

102 char Philips SAA5249 Teletext signal decoder {2.6}
    0 = /dev/tlk0  First Teletext decoder
    1 = /dev/tlk1  Second Teletext decoder
    2 = /dev/tlk2  Third Teletext decoder
    3 = /dev/tlk3  Fourth Teletext decoder

102 block Compressed block device
    0 = /dev/cbd/a First compressed block device, whole device
   16 = /dev/cbd/b Second compressed block device, whole device
      ...
  240 = /dev/cbd/p 16th compressed block device, whole device

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

103 char Arla network file system
    0 = /dev/nnpfs0 First NNPFS device
    1 = /dev/nnpfs1 Second NNPFS device

  Arla is a free clone of the Andrew File System, AFS.
  The NNPFS device gives user mode filesystem
  implementations a kernel presence for caching and easy
  mounting.  For more information about the project,
  write to <arla-drinkers@stacken.kth.se> or see
  http://www.stacken.kth.se/project/arla/

103 block Audit device
    0 = /dev/audit Audit device

104 char Flash BIOS support

104 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, first controller
    0 = /dev/cciss/c0d0 First logical drive, whole disk
   16 = /dev/cciss/c0d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/cciss/c0d15 16th logical drive, whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

105 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller
    0 = /dev/ttyV0 First VS-1000 port
    1 = /dev/ttyV1 Second VS-1000 port
      ...

105 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, second controller
    0 = /dev/cciss/c1d0 First logical drive, whole disk
   16 = /dev/cciss/c1d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/cciss/c1d15 16th logical drive, whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

106 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cuv0  First VS-1000 port
    1 = /dev/cuv1  Second VS-1000 port
      ...

106 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, third controller
    0 = /dev/cciss/c2d0 First logical drive, whole disk
   16 = /dev/cciss/c2d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/cciss/c2d15 16th logical drive, whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

107 char 3Dfx Voodoo Graphics device
    0 = /dev/3dfx  Primary 3Dfx graphics device

107 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fourth controller
    0 = /dev/cciss/c3d0 First logical drive, whole disk
   16 = /dev/cciss/c3d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/cciss/c3d15 16th logical drive, whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

108 char Device independent PPP interface
    0 = /dev/ppp  Device independent PPP interface

108 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fifth controller
    0 = /dev/cciss/c4d0 First logical drive, whole disk
   16 = /dev/cciss/c4d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/cciss/c4d15 16th logical drive, whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

109 char Reserved for logical volume manager

109 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, sixth controller
    0 = /dev/cciss/c5d0 First logical drive, whole disk
   16 = /dev/cciss/c5d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/cciss/c5d15 16th logical drive, whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

110 char miroMEDIA Surround board
    0 = /dev/srnd0 First miroMEDIA Surround board
    1 = /dev/srnd1 Second miroMEDIA Surround board
      ...

110 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, seventh controller
    0 = /dev/cciss/c6d0 First logical drive, whole disk
   16 = /dev/cciss/c6d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/cciss/c6d15 16th logical drive, whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

111 char Philips SAA7146-based audio/video card {2.6}
    0 = /dev/av0  First A/V card
    1 = /dev/av1  Second A/V card
      ...

111 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eigth controller
    0 = /dev/cciss/c7d0 First logical drive, whole disk
   16 = /dev/cciss/c7d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
      ...
  240 = /dev/cciss/c7d15 16th logical drive, whole disk

  Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
  DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

112 char ISI serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyM0 First ISI port
    1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second ISI port
      ...

  There is currently a device-naming conflict between
  these and PAM multimodems (major 78).

112 block IBM iSeries virtual disk
    0 = /dev/iseries/vda First virtual disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/iseries/vdb Second virtual disk, whole disk
      ...
  200 = /dev/iseries/vdz 26th virtual disk, whole disk
  208 = /dev/iseries/vdaa 27th virtual disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/iseries/vdaf 32nd virtual disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 7.

113 char ISI serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cum0  Callout device for ttyM0
    1 = /dev/cum1  Callout device for ttyM1
      ...

113 block IBM iSeries virtual CD-ROM

    0 = /dev/iseries/vcda First virtual CD-ROM
    1 = /dev/iseries/vcdb Second virtual CD-ROM
      ...

114 char Picture Elements ISE board
    0 = /dev/ise0  First ISE board
    1 = /dev/ise1  Second ISE board
      ...
  128 = /dev/isex0 Control node for first ISE board
  129 = /dev/isex1 Control node for second ISE board
      ...

  The ISE board is an embedded computer, optimized for
  image processing. The /dev/iseN nodes are the general
  I/O access to the board, the /dev/isex0 nodes command
  nodes used to control the board.

114 block       IDE BIOS powered software RAID interfaces such as the
                Promise Fastrak

                  0 = /dev/ataraid/d0
                  1 = /dev/ataraid/d0p1
                  2 = /dev/ataraid/d0p2
                  ...
                 16 = /dev/ataraid/d1
                 17 = /dev/ataraid/d1p1
                 18 = /dev/ataraid/d1p2
                  ...
                255 = /dev/ataraid/d15p15

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

115 char TI link cable devices (115 was formerly the console driver speaker)
    0 = /dev/tipar0    Parallel cable on first parallel port
    ...
    7 = /dev/tipar7    Parallel cable on seventh parallel port

    8 = /dev/tiser0    Serial cable on first serial port
    ...
   15 = /dev/tiser7    Serial cable on seventh serial port

   16 = /dev/tiusb0    First USB cable
    ...
   47 = /dev/tiusb31   32nd USB cable

115 block       NetWare (NWFS) Devices (0-255)

                The NWFS (NetWare) devices are used to present a
                collection of NetWare Mirror Groups or NetWare
                Partitions as a logical storage segment for
                use in mounting NetWare volumes.  A maximum of
                256 NetWare volumes can be supported in a single
                machine.

                http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/jmerkey/nwfs

                0 = /dev/nwfs/v0    First NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
                1 = /dev/nwfs/v1    Second NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
                2 = /dev/nwfs/v2    Third NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
                      ...
                255 = /dev/nwfs/v255    Last NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume

116 char Advanced Linux Sound Driver (ALSA)

116 block       MicroMemory battery backed RAM adapter (NVRAM)
                Supports 16 boards, 15 paritions each.
                Requested by neilb at cse.unsw.edu.au.

   0 = /dev/umem/d0      Whole of first board
   1 = /dev/umem/d0p1    First partition of first board
   2 = /dev/umem/d0p2    Second partition of first board
  15 = /dev/umem/d0p15   15th partition of first board

  16 = /dev/umem/d1      Whole of second board
  17 = /dev/umem/d1p1    First partition of second board
      ...
  255= /dev/umem/d15p15  15th partition of 16th board.

117 char COSA/SRP synchronous serial card
    0 = /dev/cosa0c0 1st board, 1st channel
    1 = /dev/cosa0c1 1st board, 2nd channel
      ...
   16 = /dev/cosa1c0 2nd board, 1st channel
   17 = /dev/cosa1c1 2nd board, 2nd channel
      ...

117 block       Enterprise Volume Management System (EVMS)

                The EVMS driver uses a layered, plug-in model to provide
                unparalleled flexibility and extensibility in managing
                storage.  This allows for easy expansion or customization
                of various levels of volume management.  Requested by
                Mark Peloquin (peloquin at us.ibm.com).

                Note: EVMS populates and manages all the devnodes in
                /dev/evms.

                http://sf.net/projects/evms

                  0 = /dev/evms/block_device   EVMS block device
                  1 = /dev/evms/legacyname1    First EVMS legacy device
                  2 = /dev/evms/legacyname2    Second EVMS legacy device
                    ...
                    Both ranges can grow (down or up) until they meet.
                    ...
                254 = /dev/evms/EVMSname2      Second EVMS native device
                255 = /dev/evms/EVMSname1      First EVMS native device

                Note: legacyname(s) are derived from the normal legacy
                device names.  For example, /dev/hda5 would become
                /dev/evms/hda5.

118 char IBM Cryptographic Accelerator
    0 = /dev/ica Virtual interface to all IBM Crypto Accelerators
    1 = /dev/ica0 IBMCA Device 0
    2 = /dev/ica1 IBMCA Device 1
      ...

119 char VMware virtual network control
    0 = /dev/vnet0 1st virtual network
    1 = /dev/vnet1 2nd virtual network
      ...

120-127 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
120-127 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
  Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
  assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
  used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.

128-135 char Unix98 PTY masters

  These devices should not have corresponding device
  nodes; instead they should be accessed through the
  /dev/ptmx cloning interface.

128 block       SCSI disk devices (128-143)
                  0 = /dev/sddy         129th SCSI disk whole disk
                 16 = /dev/sddz         130th SCSI disk whole disk
                 32 = /dev/sdea         131th SCSI disk whole disk
                    ...
                240 = /dev/sden         144th SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

129 block       SCSI disk devices (144-159)
                  0 = /dev/sdeo         145th SCSI disk whole disk
                 16 = /dev/sdep         146th SCSI disk whole disk
                 32 = /dev/sdeq         147th SCSI disk whole disk
                    ...
                240 = /dev/sdfd         160th SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

130 char  (Misc devices)

130 block       SCSI disk devices (160-175)
                  0 = /dev/sdfe         161st SCSI disk whole disk
                 16 = /dev/sdff         162nd SCSI disk whole disk
                 32 = /dev/sdfg         163rd SCSI disk whole disk
                    ...
                240 = /dev/sdft         176th SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

131 block       SCSI disk devices (176-191)
                  0 = /dev/sdfu         177th SCSI disk whole disk
                 16 = /dev/sdfv         178th SCSI disk whole disk
                 32 = /dev/sdfw         179th SCSI disk whole disk
                    ...
                240 = /dev/sdgj         192nd SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

132 block       SCSI disk devices (192-207)
                  0 = /dev/sdgk         193rd SCSI disk whole disk
                 16 = /dev/sdgl         194th SCSI disk whole disk
                 32 = /dev/sdgm         195th SCSI disk whole disk
                    ...
                240 = /dev/sdgz         208th SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

133 block       SCSI disk devices (208-223)
                  0 = /dev/sdha         209th SCSI disk whole disk
                 16 = /dev/sdhb         210th SCSI disk whole disk
                 32 = /dev/sdhc         211th SCSI disk whole disk
                    ...
                240 = /dev/sdhp         224th SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

134 block       SCSI disk devices (224-239)
                  0 = /dev/sdhq         225th SCSI disk whole disk
                 16 = /dev/sdhr         226th SCSI disk whole disk
                 32 = /dev/sdhs         227th SCSI disk whole disk
                    ...
                240 = /dev/sdif         240th SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

135 block       SCSI disk devices (240-255)
                  0 = /dev/sdig         241st SCSI disk whole disk
                 16 = /dev/sdih         242nd SCSI disk whole disk
                 32 = /dev/sdih         243rd SCSI disk whole disk
                    ...
                240 = /dev/sdiv         256th SCSI disk whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

136-143 char Unix98 PTY slaves
    0 = /dev/pts/0 First Unix98 pseudo-TTY
    1 = /dev/pts/1 Second Unix98 pesudo-TTY
      ...

  These device nodes are automatically generated with
  the proper permissions and modes by mounting the
  devpts filesystem onto /dev/pts with the appropriate
  mount options (distribution dependent, however, on
  *most* distributions the appropriate options are
  "mode=0620,gid=<gid of the "tty" group>".)

136 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; ninth controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c8d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c8d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c8d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

137 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; tenth controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c9d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c9d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c9d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

138 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eleventh controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c10d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c10d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c10d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

139 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; twelfth controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c11d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c11d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c11d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

140 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; thirteenth controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c12d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c12d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c12d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

141 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourteenth controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c13d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c13d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c13d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

142 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifteenth controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c14d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c14d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c14d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

143 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixteenth controller
    0 = /dev/rd/c15d0 First disk, whole disk
    8 = /dev/rd/c15d1 Second disk, whole disk
      ...
  248 = /dev/rd/c15d31 32nd disk, whole disk

  Partitions are handled as for major 48.

144 char Encapsulated PPP
    0 = /dev/pppox0 First PPP over Ethernet
      ...
   63 = /dev/pppox63 64th PPP over Ethernet

  This is primarily used for ADSL.

  The SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface driver has been
  relocated to major 183 due to an unfortunate conflict.

144 block Expansion Area #1 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
    0 = mounted device 256
  255 = mounted device 511

145 char SAM9407-based soundcard
    0 = /dev/sam0_mixer
    1 = /dev/sam0_sequencer
    2 = /dev/sam0_midi00
    3 = /dev/sam0_dsp
    4 = /dev/sam0_audio
    6 = /dev/sam0_sndstat
   18 = /dev/sam0_midi01
   34 = /dev/sam0_midi02
   50 = /dev/sam0_midi03
   64 = /dev/sam1_mixer
      ...
  128 = /dev/sam2_mixer
      ...
  192 = /dev/sam3_mixer
      ...

  Device functions match OSS, but offer a number of
  addons, which are sam9407 specific.  OSS can be
  operated simultaneously, taking care of the codec.

145 block Expansion Area #2 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
    0 = mounted device 512
  255 = mounted device 767

146 char SYSTRAM SCRAMNet mirrored-memory network
    0 = /dev/scramnet0 First SCRAMNet device
    1 = /dev/scramnet1 Second SCRAMNet device
      ...

146 block Expansion Area #3 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
    0 = mounted device 768
  255 = mounted device 1023

147 char Aureal Semiconductor Vortex Audio device
    0 = /dev/aureal0 First Aureal Vortex
    1 = /dev/aureal1 Second Aureal Vortex
      ...

147 block Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD)
    0 = /dev/drbd0 First DRBD device
    1 = /dev/drbd1 Second DRBD device
      ...

148 char Technology Concepts serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyT0 First TCL port
    1 = /dev/ttyT1 Second TCL port
      ...

149 char Technology Concepts serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cut0  Callout device for ttyT0
    1 = /dev/cut0  Callout device for ttyT1
      ...

150 char Real-Time Linux FIFOs
    0 = /dev/rtf0  First RTLinux FIFO
    1 = /dev/rtf1  Second RTLinux FIFO
      ...

151 char DPT I2O SmartRaid V controller
    0 = /dev/dpti0 First DPT I2O adapter
    1 = /dev/dpti1 Second DPT I2O adapter
      ...

152 char EtherDrive Control Device
    0 = /dev/etherd/ctl Connect/Disconnect an EtherDrive
    1 = /dev/etherd/err Monitor errors
    2 = /dev/etherd/raw Raw AoE packet monitor

152 block EtherDrive Block Devices
    0 = /dev/etherd/0 EtherDrive 0
      ...
  255 = /dev/etherd/255 EtherDrive 255

153 char SPI Bus Interface (sometimes referred to as MicroWire)
    0 = /dev/spi0  First SPI device on the bus
    1 = /dev/spi1  Second SPI device on the bus
      ...
   15 = /dev/spi15 Sixteenth SPI device on the bus

153 block Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) storage units
    0 = /dev/emd/0 First unit
    1 = /dev/emd/0p1 Partition 1 on First unit
    2 = /dev/emd/0p2 Partition 2 on First unit
      ...
   15 = /dev/emd/0p15 Partition 15 on First unit

   16 = /dev/emd/1 Second unit
   32 = /dev/emd/2 Third unit
      ...
  240 = /dev/emd/15 Sixteenth unit

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 15.

154 char Specialix RIO serial card
    0 = /dev/ttySR0 First RIO port
      ...
  255 = /dev/ttySR255 256th RIO port

155 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cusr0 Callout device for ttySR0
      ...
  255 = /dev/cusr255 Callout device for ttySR255

156 char Specialix RIO serial card
    0 = /dev/ttySR256 257th RIO port
      ...
  255 = /dev/ttySR511 512th RIO port

157 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cusr256 Callout device for ttySR256
      ...
  255 = /dev/cusr511 Callout device for ttySR511

158 char Dialogic GammaLink fax driver
    0 = /dev/gfax0 GammaLink channel 0
    1 = /dev/gfax1 GammaLink channel 1
      ...

159 char RESERVED
159 block RESERVED

160 char General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB)
    0 = /dev/gpib0 First GPIB bus
    1 = /dev/gpib1 Second GPIB bus
      ...

160 block       Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on First Controller
    0 = /dev/carmel/0     SATA disk 0 whole disk
    1 = /dev/carmel/0p1   SATA disk 0 partition 1
      ...
   31 = /dev/carmel/0p31  SATA disk 0 partition 31

   32 = /dev/carmel/1     SATA disk 1 whole disk
   64 = /dev/carmel/2     SATA disk 2 whole disk
      ...
  224 = /dev/carmel/7     SATA disk 7 whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 31.

161 char IrCOMM devices (IrDA serial/parallel emulation)
    0 = /dev/ircomm0 First IrCOMM device
    1 = /dev/ircomm1 Second IrCOMM device
      ...
   16 = /dev/irlpt0 First IrLPT device
   17 = /dev/irlpt1 Second IrLPT device
      ...

161 block       Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on Second Controller
    0 = /dev/carmel/8     SATA disk 8 whole disk
    1 = /dev/carmel/8p1   SATA disk 8 partition 1
      ...
   31 = /dev/carmel/8p31  SATA disk 8 partition 31

   32 = /dev/carmel/9     SATA disk 9 whole disk
   64 = /dev/carmel/10    SATA disk 10 whole disk
      ...
  224 = /dev/carmel/15    SATA disk 15 whole disk

  Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
  disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
  partitions is 31.

162 char Raw block device interface
    0 = /dev/rawctl Raw I/O control device
    1 = /dev/raw/raw1 First raw I/O device
    2 = /dev/raw/raw2 Second raw I/O device
      ...

163 char UNASSIGNED (was Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem - see 51)

164 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyCH0 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 0
      ...
   15 = /dev/ttyCH15 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 15
   16 = /dev/ttyCH16 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 0
      ...
   31 = /dev/ttyCH31 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 15
   32 = /dev/ttyCH32 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 0
      ...
   47 = /dev/ttyCH47 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 15
   48 = /dev/ttyCH48 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 0
      ...
   63 = /dev/ttyCH63 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 15

165 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cuch0 Callout device for ttyCH0
      ...
   63 = /dev/cuch63 Callout device for ttyCH63

166 char ACM USB modems
    0 = /dev/ttyACM0 First ACM modem
    1 = /dev/ttyACM1 Second ACM modem
      ...

167 char ACM USB modems - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cuacm0 Callout device for ttyACM0
    1 = /dev/cuacm1 Callout device for ttyACM1
      ...

168 char Eracom CSA7000 PCI encryption adaptor
    0 = /dev/ecsa0 First CSA7000
    1 = /dev/ecsa1 Second CSA7000
      ...

169 char Eracom CSA8000 PCI encryption adaptor
    0 = /dev/ecsa8-0 First CSA8000
    1 = /dev/ecsa8-1 Second CSA8000
      ...

170 char AMI MegaRAC remote access controller
    0 = /dev/megarac0 First MegaRAC card
    1 = /dev/megarac1 Second MegaRAC card
      ...

171 char Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire)

172 char Moxa Intellio serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyMX0 First Moxa port
    1 = /dev/ttyMX1 Second Moxa port
      ...
  127 = /dev/ttyMX127 128th Moxa port
  128 = /dev/moxactl Moxa control port

173 char Moxa Intellio serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cumx0 Callout device for ttyMX0
    1 = /dev/cumx1 Callout device for ttyMX1
      ...
  127 = /dev/cumx127 Callout device for ttyMX127

174 char SmartIO serial card
    0 = /dev/ttySI0 First SmartIO port
    1 = /dev/ttySI1 Second SmartIO port
      ...

175 char SmartIO serial card - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cusi0 Callout device for ttySI0
    1 = /dev/cusi1 Callout device for ttySI1
      ...

176 char nCipher nFast PCI crypto accelerator
    0 = /dev/nfastpci0 First nFast PCI device
    1 = /dev/nfastpci1 First nFast PCI device
      ...

177 char TI PCILynx memory spaces
    0 = /dev/pcilynx/aux0  AUX space of first PCILynx card
      ...
   15 = /dev/pcilynx/aux15 AUX space of 16th PCILynx card
   16 = /dev/pcilynx/rom0  ROM space of first PCILynx card
      ...
   31 = /dev/pcilynx/rom15 ROM space of 16th PCILynx card
   32 = /dev/pcilynx/ram0  RAM space of first PCILynx card
      ...
   47 = /dev/pcilynx/ram15 RAM space of 16th PCILynx card

178 char Giganet cLAN1xxx virtual interface adapter
    0 = /dev/clanvi0 First cLAN adapter
    1 = /dev/clanvi1 Second cLAN adapter
      ...

179 char CCube DVXChip-based PCI products
    0 = /dev/dvxirq0 First DVX device
    1 = /dev/dvxirq1 Second DVX device
      ...

180 char USB devices
    0 = /dev/usb/lp0 First USB printer
      ...
   15 = /dev/usb/lp15 16th USB printer
   16 = /dev/usb/mouse0 First USB mouse
      ...
   31 = /dev/usb/mouse15 16th USB mouse
   32 = /dev/usb/ez0 First USB firmware loader
      ...
   47 = /dev/usb/ez15 16th USB firmware loader
   48 = /dev/usb/scanner0 First USB scanner
      ...
   63 = /dev/usb/scanner15 16th USB scanner
   64 = /dev/usb/rio500 Diamond Rio 500
   65 = /dev/usb/usblcd USBLCD Interface (info@usblcd.de)
   66 = /dev/usb/cpad0 Synaptics cPad (mouse/LCD)

180 block USB block devices
  0 = /dev/uba  First USB block device
  8 = /dev/ubb  Second USB block device
  16 = /dev/ubc  Thrid USB block device
  ...

181 char Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks
    0 = /dev/pcfclock0 First Conrad radio clock
    1 = /dev/pcfclock1 Second Conrad radio clock
      ...

182 char Picture Elements THR2 binarizer
    0 = /dev/pethr0 First THR2 board
    1 = /dev/pethr1 Second THR2 board
      ...

183 char SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface
    0 = /dev/ss5136dn0 First DeviceNet interface
    1 = /dev/ss5136dn1 Second DeviceNet interface
      ...

  This device used to be assigned to major number 144.
  It had to be moved due to an unfortunate conflict.

184 char Picture Elements' video simulator/sender
    0 = /dev/pevss0 First sender board
    1 = /dev/pevss1 Second sender board
      ...

185 char InterMezzo high availability file system
    0 = /dev/intermezzo0 First cache manager
    1 = /dev/intermezzo1 Second cache manager
      ...

  See http://www.inter-mezzo.org/ for more information.

186 char Object-based storage control device
    0 = /dev/obd0  First obd control device
    1 = /dev/obd1  Second obd control device
      ...

  See ftp://ftp.lustre.org/pub/obd for code and information.

187 char DESkey hardware encryption device
    0 = /dev/deskey0 First DES key
    1 = /dev/deskey1 Second DES key
      ...

188 char USB serial converters
    0 = /dev/ttyUSB0 First USB serial converter
    1 = /dev/ttyUSB1 Second USB serial converter
      ...

189 char USB serial converters - alternate devices
    0 = /dev/cuusb0 Callout device for ttyUSB0
    1 = /dev/cuusb1 Callout device for ttyUSB1
      ...

190 char Kansas City tracker/tuner card
    0 = /dev/kctt0 First KCT/T card
    1 = /dev/kctt1 Second KCT/T card
      ...

191 char Reserved for PCMCIA

192 char Kernel profiling interface
    0 = /dev/profile Profiling control device
    1 = /dev/profile0 Profiling device for CPU 0
    2 = /dev/profile1 Profiling device for CPU 1
      ...

193 char Kernel event-tracing interface
    0 = /dev/trace Tracing control device
    1 = /dev/trace0 Tracing device for CPU 0
    2 = /dev/trace1 Tracing device for CPU 1
      ...

194 char linVideoStreams (LINVS)
    0 = /dev/mvideo/status0 Video compression status
    1 = /dev/mvideo/stream0 Video stream
    2 = /dev/mvideo/frame0 Single compressed frame
    3 = /dev/mvideo/rawframe0 Raw uncompressed frame
    4 = /dev/mvideo/codec0 Direct codec access
    5 = /dev/mvideo/video4linux0 Video4Linux compatibility

   16 = /dev/mvideo/status1 Second device
      ...
   32 = /dev/mvideo/status2 Third device
      ...
      ...
  240 = /dev/mvideo/status15 16th device
      ...

195 char Nvidia graphics devices
    0 = /dev/nvidia0  First Nvidia card
    1 = /dev/nvidia1  Second Nvidia card
      ...
  255 = /dev/nvidiactl  Nvidia card control device

196 char Tormenta T1 card
    0 = /dev/tor/0  Master control channel for all cards
    1 = /dev/tor/1  First DS0
    2 = /dev/tor/2  Second DS0
      ...
   48 = /dev/tor/48  48th DS0
   49 = /dev/tor/49  First pseudo-channel
   50 = /dev/tor/50  Second pseudo-channel
      ...

197 char OpenTNF tracing facility
    0 = /dev/tnf/t0  Trace 0 data extraction
    1 = /dev/tnf/t1  Trace 1 data extraction
      ...
  128 = /dev/tnf/status  Tracing facility status
  130 = /dev/tnf/trace  Tracing device

198 char Total Impact TPMP2 quad coprocessor PCI card
    0 = /dev/tpmp2/0  First card
    1 = /dev/tpmp2/1  Second card
      ...

199 char Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
    0 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/*  First volume
    1 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/*  Second volume
      ...

199 block Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
    0 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/*  First volume
    1 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/*  Second volume
      ...

  The namespace in these directories is maintained by
  the user space VxVM software.

200 char Veritas VxVM configuration interface
                  0 = /dev/vx/config  Configuration access node
                  1 = /dev/vx/trace  Volume i/o trace access node
                  2 = /dev/vx/iod  Volume i/o daemon access node
                  3 = /dev/vx/info  Volume information access node
                  4 = /dev/vx/task  Volume tasks access node
                  5 = /dev/vx/taskmon  Volume tasks monitor daemon

201 char Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
    0 = /dev/vx/rdmp/*  First multipath device
    1 = /dev/vx/rdmp/*  Second multipath device
      ...
201 block Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
    0 = /dev/vx/dmp/*  First multipath device
    1 = /dev/vx/dmp/*  Second multipath device
      ...

  The namespace in these directories is maintained by
  the user space VxVM software.

202 char CPU model-specific registers
    0 = /dev/cpu/0/msr  MSRs on CPU 0
    1 = /dev/cpu/1/msr  MSRs on CPU 1
      ...

203 char CPU CPUID information
    0 = /dev/cpu/0/cpuid  CPUID on CPU 0
    1 = /dev/cpu/1/cpuid  CPUID on CPU 1
      ...

204 char Low-density serial ports
    0 = /dev/ttyLU0  LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 0
    1 = /dev/ttyLU1  LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 1
    2 = /dev/ttyLU2  LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 2
    3 = /dev/ttyLU3  LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 3
    4 = /dev/ttyFB0  Intel Footbridge (ARM)
    5 = /dev/ttySA0  StrongARM builtin serial port 0
    6 = /dev/ttySA1  StrongARM builtin serial port 1
    7 = /dev/ttySA2  StrongARM builtin serial port 2
    8 = /dev/ttySC0  SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 0
    9 = /dev/ttySC1  SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 1
   10 = /dev/ttySC2  SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 2
   11 = /dev/ttySC3  SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 3
   12 = /dev/ttyFW0  Firmware console - port 0
   13 = /dev/ttyFW1  Firmware console - port 1
   14 = /dev/ttyFW2  Firmware console - port 2
   15 = /dev/ttyFW3  Firmware console - port 3
   16 = /dev/ttyAM0  ARM "AMBA" serial port 0
      ...
   31 = /dev/ttyAM15  ARM "AMBA" serial port 15
   32 = /dev/ttyDB0  DataBooster serial port 0
      ...
   39 = /dev/ttyDB7  DataBooster serial port 7
   40 = /dev/ttySG0  SGI Altix console port
   41 = /dev/ttySMX0  Motorola i.MX - port 0
   42 = /dev/ttySMX1  Motorola i.MX - port 1
   43 = /dev/ttySMX2  Motorola i.MX - port 2
   44 = /dev/ttyMM0  Marvell MPSC - port 0
   45 = /dev/ttyMM1  Marvell MPSC - port 1
   46 = /dev/ttyCPM0  PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 0
      ...
   47 = /dev/ttyCPM5  PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 5
   50 = /dev/ttyIOC40  Altix serial card
      ...
   81 = /dev/ttyIOC431  Altix serial card
   82 = /dev/ttyVR0               NEC VR4100 series SIU
   83 = /dev/ttyVR1               NEC VR4100 series DSIU

205 char Low-density serial ports (alternate device)
    0 = /dev/culu0  Callout device for ttyLU0
    1 = /dev/culu1  Callout device for ttyLU1
    2 = /dev/culu2  Callout device for ttyLU2
    3 = /dev/culu3  Callout device for ttyLU3
    4 = /dev/cufb0  Callout device for ttyFB0
    5 = /dev/cusa0  Callout device for ttySA0
    6 = /dev/cusa1  Callout device for ttySA1
    7 = /dev/cusa2  Callout device for ttySA2
    8 = /dev/cusc0  Callout device for ttySC0
    9 = /dev/cusc1  Callout device for ttySC1
   10 = /dev/cusc2  Callout device for ttySC2
   11 = /dev/cusc3  Callout device for ttySC3
   12 = /dev/cufw0  Callout device for ttyFW0
   13 = /dev/cufw1  Callout device for ttyFW1
   14 = /dev/cufw2  Callout device for ttyFW2
   15 = /dev/cufw3  Callout device for ttyFW3
   16 = /dev/cuam0  Callout device for ttyAM0
      ...
   31 = /dev/cuam15  Callout device for ttyAM15
   32 = /dev/cudb0  Callout device for ttyDB0
      ...
   39 = /dev/cudb7  Callout device for ttyDB7
   40 = /dev/cusg0  Callout device for ttySG0
   41 = /dev/ttycusmx0  Callout device for ttySMX0
   42 = /dev/ttycusmx1  Callout device for ttySMX1
   43 = /dev/ttycusmx2  Callout device for ttySMX2
   46 = /dev/cucpm0  Callout device for ttyCPM0
      ...
   49 = /dev/cucpm5  Callout device for ttyCPM5
   50 = /dev/cuioc40  Callout device for ttyIOC40
      ...
   81 = /dev/cuioc431  Callout device for ttyIOC431
   82 = /dev/cuvr0                Callout device for ttyVR0
   83 = /dev/cuvr1                Callout device for ttyVR1

206 char OnStream SC-x0 tape devices
    0 = /dev/osst0  First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
    1 = /dev/osst1  Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
      ...
   32 = /dev/osst0l  First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
   33 = /dev/osst1l  Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
      ...
   64 = /dev/osst0m  First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
   65 = /dev/osst1m  Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
      ...
   96 = /dev/osst0a  First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
   97 = /dev/osst1a  Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
      ...
  128 = /dev/nosst0  No rewind version of /dev/osst0
  129 = /dev/nosst1  No rewind version of /dev/osst1
      ...
  160 = /dev/nosst0l  No rewind version of /dev/osst0l
  161 = /dev/nosst1l  No rewind version of /dev/osst1l
      ...
  192 = /dev/nosst0m  No rewind version of /dev/osst0m
  193 = /dev/nosst1m  No rewind version of /dev/osst1m
      ...
  224 = /dev/nosst0a  No rewind version of /dev/osst0a
  225 = /dev/nosst1a  No rewind version of /dev/osst1a
      ...

  The OnStream SC-x0 SCSI tapes do not support the
  standard SCSI SASD command set and therefore need
  their own driver "osst". Note that the IDE, USB (and
  maybe ParPort) versions may be driven via ide-scsi or
  usb-storage SCSI emulation and this osst device and
  driver as well.  The ADR-x0 drives are QIC-157
  compliant and don't need osst.

207 char Compaq ProLiant health feature indicate
    0 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpqw Redirector interface
    1 = /dev/cpqhealth/crom EISA CROM
    2 = /dev/cpqhealth/cdt Data Table
    3 = /dev/cpqhealth/cevt Event Log
    4 = /dev/cpqhealth/casr Automatic Server Recovery
    5 = /dev/cpqhealth/cecc ECC Memory
    6 = /dev/cpqhealth/cmca Machine Check Architecture
    7 = /dev/cpqhealth/ccsm Deprecated CDT
    8 = /dev/cpqhealth/cnmi NMI Handling
    9 = /dev/cpqhealth/css Sideshow Management
   10 = /dev/cpqhealth/cram CMOS interface
   11 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpci PCI IRQ interface

208 char User space serial ports
    0 = /dev/ttyU0  First user space serial port
    1 = /dev/ttyU1  Second user space serial port
      ...

209 char User space serial ports (alternate devices)
    0 = /dev/cuu0   Callout device for ttyU0
    1 = /dev/cuu1   Callout device for ttyU1
      ...

210 char SBE, Inc. sync/async serial card
    0 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg0  Configuration device for board 0
    1 = /dev/sbei/dld0  Download device for board 0
    2 = /dev/sbei/wan00  WAN device, port 0, board 0
    3 = /dev/sbei/wan01  WAN device, port 1, board 0
    4 = /dev/sbei/wan02  WAN device, port 2, board 0
    5 = /dev/sbei/wan03  WAN device, port 3, board 0
    6 = /dev/sbei/wanc00  WAN clone device, port 0, board 0
    7 = /dev/sbei/wanc01  WAN clone device, port 1, board 0
    8 = /dev/sbei/wanc02  WAN clone device, port 2, board 0
    9 = /dev/sbei/wanc03  WAN clone device, port 3, board 0
   10 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg1  Configuration device for board 1
   11 = /dev/sbei/dld1  Download device for board 1
   12 = /dev/sbei/wan10  WAN device, port 0, board 1
   13 = /dev/sbei/wan11  WAN device, port 1, board 1
   14 = /dev/sbei/wan12  WAN device, port 2, board 1
   15 = /dev/sbei/wan13  WAN device, port 3, board 1
   16 = /dev/sbei/wanc10  WAN clone device, port 0, board 1
   17 = /dev/sbei/wanc11  WAN clone device, port 1, board 1
   18 = /dev/sbei/wanc12  WAN clone device, port 2, board 1
   19 = /dev/sbei/wanc13  WAN clone device, port 3, board 1
      ...

  Yes, each board is really spaced 10 (decimal) apart.

211 char Addinum CPCI1500 digital I/O card
    0 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/0 First CPCI1500 card
    1 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/1 Second CPCI1500 card
      ...

212 char LinuxTV.org DVB driver subsystem

    0 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0    first video decoder of first card
    1 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0    first audio decoder of first card
    2 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/sec0      (obsolete/unused)
    3 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0 first frontend device of first card
    4 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0    first demux device of first card
    5 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0      first digital video recoder device of first card
    6 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/ca0       first common access port of first card
    7 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/net0      first network device of first card
    8 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/osd0      first on-screen-display device of first card
    9 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video1    second video decoder of first card
      ...
   64 = /dev/dvb/adapter1/video0    first video decoder of second card
      ...
  128 = /dev/dvb/adapter2/video0    first video decoder of third card
      ...
  196 = /dev/dvb/adapter3/video0    first video decoder of fourth card

216 char USB BlueTooth devices
    0 = /dev/ttyUB0  First USB BlueTooth device
    1 = /dev/ttyUB1  Second USB BlueTooth device
      ...

217 char USB BlueTooth devices (alternate devices)
    0 = /dev/cuub0  Callout device for ttyUB0
    1 = /dev/cuub1  Callout device for ttyUB1
      ...

218 char The Logical Company bus Unibus/Qbus adapters
    0 = /dev/logicalco/bci/0 First bus adapter
    1 = /dev/logicalco/bci/1 First bus adapter
      ...

219 char The Logical Company DCI-1300 digital I/O card
    0 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/0 First DCI-1300 card
    1 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/1 Second DCI-1300 card
      ...

220 char Myricom Myrinet "GM" board
    0 = /dev/myricom/gm0  First Myrinet GM board
    1 = /dev/myricom/gmp0  First board "root access"
    2 = /dev/myricom/gm1  Second Myrinet GM board
    3 = /dev/myricom/gmp1  Second board "root access"
      ...

221 char VME bus
    0 = /dev/bus/vme/m0  First master image
    1 = /dev/bus/vme/m1  Second master image
    2 = /dev/bus/vme/m2  Third master image
    3 = /dev/bus/vme/m3  Fourth master image
    4 = /dev/bus/vme/s0  First slave image
    5 = /dev/bus/vme/s1  Second slave image
    6 = /dev/bus/vme/s2  Third slave image
    7 = /dev/bus/vme/s3  Fourth slave image
    8 = /dev/bus/vme/ctl  Control

  It is expected that all VME bus drivers will use the
  same interface.  For interface documentation see
  http://www.vmelinux.org/.

224 char A2232 serial card
    0 = /dev/ttyY0  First A2232 port
    1 = /dev/ttyY1  Second A2232 port
      ...

225 char A2232 serial card (alternate devices)
    0 = /dev/cuy0   Callout device for ttyY0
    1 = /dev/cuy1   Callout device for ttyY1
      ...

226 char Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI)
    0 = /dev/dri/card0  First graphics card
    1 = /dev/dri/card1  Second graphics card
      ...

227 char IBM 3270 terminal Unix tty access
    1 = /dev/3270/tty1  First 3270 terminal
    2 = /dev/3270/tty2  Seconds 3270 terminal
      ...

228 char IBM 3270 terminal block-mode access
    0 = /dev/3270/tub  Controlling interface
    1 = /dev/3270/tub1  First 3270 terminal
    2 = /dev/3270/tub2  Second 3270 terminal
      ...

229 char IBM iSeries virtual console
    0 = /dev/iseries/vtty0 First console port
    1 = /dev/iseries/vtty1 Second console port
      ...

230 char IBM iSeries virtual tape
    0 = /dev/iseries/vt0  First virtual tape, mode 0
    1 = /dev/iseries/vt1  Second virtual tape, mode 0
      ...
   32 = /dev/iseries/vt0l  First virtual tape, mode 1
   33 = /dev/iseries/vt1l  Second virtual tape, mode 1
      ...
   64 = /dev/iseries/vt0m  First virtual tape, mode 2
   65 = /dev/iseries/vt1m  Second virtual tape, mode 2
      ...
   96 = /dev/iseries/vt0a  First virtual tape, mode 3
   97 = /dev/iseries/vt1a  Second virtual tape, mode 3
        ...
  128 = /dev/iseries/nvt0  First virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
  129 = /dev/iseries/nvt1  Second virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
      ...
  160 = /dev/iseries/nvt0l First virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
  161 = /dev/iseries/nvt1l Second virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
      ...
  192 = /dev/iseries/nvt0m First virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
  193 = /dev/iseries/nvt1m Second virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
      ...
  224 = /dev/iseries/nvt0a First virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
  225 = /dev/iseries/nvt1a Second virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
      ...

  "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
  automatic rewind on device close.  The MTREW or MTOFFL
  ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
  the device used to access it.

231 char InfiniBand MAD
  0 = /dev/infiniband/umad0
  1 = /dev/infiniband/umad1
   ...

232-239  UNASSIGNED

240-254 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
240-254 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
  Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
  assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
  used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.

255 char RESERVED
255 block RESERVED

  This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
  larger number space.  No device nodes with this major
  should ever be created on the filesystem.

 **** ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES

This section details additional entries that should or may exist in
the /dev directory.  It is preferred that symbolic links use the same
form (absolute or relative) as is indicated here.  Links are
classified as "hard" or "symbolic" depending on the preferred type of
link; if possible, the indicated type of link should be used.

 Compulsory links

These links should exist on all systems:

/dev/fd  /proc/self/fd symbolic File descriptors
/dev/stdin fd/0  symbolic stdin file descriptor
/dev/stdout fd/1  symbolic stdout file descriptor
/dev/stderr fd/2  symbolic stderr file descriptor
/dev/nfsd socksys  symbolic Required by iBCS-2
/dev/X0R null  symbolic Required by iBCS-2

Note: /dev/X0R is <letter X>-<digit 0>-<letter R>.

 Recommended links

It is recommended that these links exist on all systems:

/dev/core /proc/kcore symbolic Backward compatibility
/dev/ramdisk ram0  symbolic Backward compatibility
/dev/ftape qft0  symbolic Backward compatibility
/dev/bttv0 video0  symbolic Backward compatibility
/dev/radio radio0  symbolic Backward compatibility
/dev/i2o* /dev/i2o/* symbolic Backward compatibility
/dev/scd? sr?  hard  Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name

 Locally defined links

The following links may be established locally to conform to the
configuration of the system.  This is merely a tabulation of existing
practice, and does not constitute a recommendation.  However, if they
exist, they should have the following uses.

/dev/mouse mouse port symbolic Current mouse device
/dev/tape tape device symbolic Current tape device
/dev/cdrom CD-ROM device symbolic Current CD-ROM device
/dev/cdwriter CD-writer symbolic Current CD-writer device
/dev/scanner scanner  symbolic Current scanner device
/dev/modem modem port symbolic Current dialout device
/dev/root root device symbolic Current root filesystem
/dev/swap swap device symbolic Current swap device

/dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as
well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems.  If it
exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate primary TTY device
(the use of the alternate callout devices is deprecated).

For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the
``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas
/dev/cdwriter and /dev/scanner should point to the appropriate generic
SCSI devices (/dev/sg*).

/dev/mouse may point to a primary serial TTY device, a hardware mouse
device, or a socket for a mouse driver program (e.g. /dev/gpmdata).

 Sockets and pipes

Non-transient sockets and named pipes may exist in /dev.  Common entries are:

/dev/printer socket  lpd local socket
/dev/log socket  syslog local socket
/dev/gpmdata socket  gpm mouse multiplexer

 Mount points

The following names are reserved for mounting special filesystems
under /dev.  These special filesystems provide kernel interfaces that
cannot be provided with standard device nodes.

/dev/pts devpts  PTY slave filesystem
/dev/shm tmpfs  POSIX shared memory maintenance access

 **** TERMINAL DEVICES

Terminal, or TTY devices are a special class of character devices.  A
terminal device is any device that could act as a controlling terminal
for a session; this includes virtual consoles, serial ports, and
pseudoterminals (PTYs).

All terminal devices share a common set of capabilities known as line
diciplines; these include the common terminal line dicipline as well
as SLIP and PPP modes.

All terminal devices are named similarly; this section explains the
naming and use of the various types of TTYs.  Note that the naming
conventions include several historical warts; some of these are
Linux-specific, some were inherited from other systems, and some
reflect Linux outgrowing a borrowed convention.

A hash mark (#) in a device name is used here to indicate a decimal
number without leading zeroes.

 Virtual consoles and the console device

Virtual consoles are full-screen terminal displays on the system video
monitor.  Virtual consoles are named /dev/tty#, with numbering
starting at /dev/tty1; /dev/tty0 is the current virtual console.
/dev/tty0 is the device that should be used to access the system video
card on those architectures for which the frame buffer devices
(/dev/fb*) are not applicable. Do not use /dev/console
for this purpose.

The console device, /dev/console, is the device to which system
messages should be sent, and on which logins should be permitted in
single-user mode.  Starting with Linux 2.1.71, /dev/console is managed
by the kernel; for previous versions it should be a symbolic link to
either /dev/tty0, a specific virtual console such as /dev/tty1, or to
a serial port primary (tty*, not cu*) device, depending on the
configuration of the system.

 Serial ports

Serial ports are RS-232 serial ports and any device which simulates
one, either in hardware (such as internal modems) or in software (such
as the ISDN driver.)  Under Linux, each serial ports has two device
names, the primary or callin device and the alternate or callout one.
Each kind of device is indicated by a different letter.  For any
letter X, the names of the devices are /dev/ttyX# and /dev/cux#,
respectively; for historical reasons, /dev/ttyS# and /dev/ttyC#
correspond to /dev/cua# and /dev/cub#. In the future, it should be
expected that multiple letters will be used; all letters will be upper
case for the "tty" device (e.g. /dev/ttyDP#) and lower case for the
"cu" device (e.g. /dev/cudp#).

The names /dev/ttyQ# and /dev/cuq# are reserved for local use.

The alternate devices provide for kernel-based exclusion and somewhat
different defaults than the primary devices.  Their main purpose is to
allow the use of serial ports with programs with no inherent or broken
support for serial ports.  Their use is deprecated, and they may be
removed from a future version of Linux.

Arbitration of serial ports is provided by the use of lock files with
the names /var/lock/LCK..ttyX#.  The contents of the lock file should
be the PID of the locking process as an ASCII number.

It is common practice to install links such as /dev/modem
which point to serial ports.  In order to ensure proper locking in the
presence of these links, it is recommended that software chase
symlinks and lock all possible names; additionally, it is recommended
that a lock file be installed with the corresponding alternate
device.  In order to avoid deadlocks, it is recommended that the locks
are acquired in the following order, and released in the reverse:

 1. The symbolic link name, if any (/var/lock/LCK..modem)
 2. The "tty" name (/var/lock/LCK..ttyS2)
 3. The alternate device name (/var/lock/LCK..cua2)

In the case of nested symbolic links, the lock files should be
installed in the order the symlinks are resolved.

Under no circumstances should an application hold a lock while waiting
for another to be released.  In addition, applications which attempt
to create lock files for the corresponding alternate device names
should take into account the possibility of being used on a non-serial
port TTY, for which no alternate device would exist.

 Pseudoterminals (PTYs)

Pseudoterminals, or PTYs, are used to create login sessions or provide
other capabilities requiring a TTY line dicipline (including SLIP or
PPP capability) to arbitrary data-generation processes.  Each PTY has
a master side, named /dev/pty[p-za-e][0-9a-f], and a slave side, named
/dev/tty[p-za-e][0-9a-f].  The kernel arbitrates the use of PTYs by
allowing each master side to be opened only once.

Once the master side has been opened, the corresponding slave device
can be used in the same manner as any TTY device.  The master and
slave devices are connected by the kernel, generating the equivalent
of a bidirectional pipe with TTY capabilities.

Recent versions of the Linux kernels and GNU libc contain support for
the System V/Unix98 naming scheme for PTYs, which assigns a common
device, /dev/ptmx, to all the masters (opening it will automatically
give you a previously unassigned PTY) and a subdirectory, /dev/pts,
for the slaves; the slaves are named with decimal integers (/dev/pts/#
in our notation).  This removes the problem of exhausting the
namespace and enables the kernel to automatically create the device
nodes for the slaves on demand using the "devpts" filesystem.